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What Are the Best Medications For Anxiety Disorders? Treatment for anxiety disorders usually involves three-pronged: therapy, medication and exercise. Antidepressants are the primary option for treating anxiety. Newer medications that have less risk of suicide and easier adverse effects, such as mirtazapine and nefazodone, are more palatable than older antidepressants like tCAs and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). The majority of people manage their anxiety symptoms by taking medications to reduce the signals of fear in the brain. These include SNRIs and SSRIs. Benzodiazepines They work by facilitating the binding between the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and various receptors within the central nervous system. They are believed to be safer and less harmful CNS depressant than their predecessors, the barbiturates. They are used to treat seizure disorders as anxiolytics and anticonvulsants. They are prescribed at low doses and are less likely than older medications to cause anticholinergic toxicities or delirium. However, there are significant dangers and side effects that should be evaluated before taking these drugs. For example, chronic use of benzodiazepine can cause memory impairment or trigger withdrawal symptoms. This is especially the case when it is combined with other CNS depressants like alcohol or opioids. Certain people may also discover that it diminishes the effectiveness of antidepressants. The use of benzodiazepines is not recommended for elderly patients or children and should be avoided with medical comorbidities like depression. They are available in a variety of dosages and formulations, and possess different pharmacological properties. They vary in how quickly they work, how long they last, as well as their negative effects. The longer-acting benzodiazepines such as chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, clobazam, and diazepam are generally employed to treat insomnia, anxiety, and seizures. Constipation, fatigue, and blurred vision are the most frequent side effects of benzodiazepines. Some people also experience headaches, nausea and weight loss. These effects are not severe and usually go away with continued use. It is more beneficial to reduce the dosage of benzodiazepines rather than stopping them abruptly, as they can cause withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia and irritability. SSRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), SNRRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine stimulators for reuptake) Atypical antidepressants, such as beta blockers and mirtazapine are also effective in treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs and SNRIs work to increase the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in your brain, which helps decrease anxiety. Atypical antidepressants boost these chemicals through different pathways and can treat other mental disorders like depression. Beta-blockers, commonly heart medications, may also be used in low doses to treat anxiety like stage fright by reducing the adrenaline rush that causes shaking and a rapid heartbeat. SSRIs The most common medications used to treat anxiety disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs), and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These medications increase levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter which plays a role in mood. They also increase levels of norepinephrine which is another neurotransmitter that affects mood. The most well-known SSRIs for anxiety include paroxetine (Paxil) and fluoxetine (Prozac). SNRIs are citalopram, sertraline and nefazodone. There are other medications that can help alleviate anxiety-related symptoms. Antihistamines, alpha and beta-blockers (e.g. propranolol, Clonidine) along with benzodiazepines and many more are available. Antihistamines are particularly useful during panic attacks as they can cause an euphoria that can reduce anxiety. They can trigger side effects such as constipation, dry mouth, and sedation. There are also risks if taken while driving, and you could develop a tolerance to the medication. Benzodiazepines, which are sedatives, function by enhancing the activity of certain neurotransmitters that send signals between brain cells. These medications are prescribed to relax you and get to sleep. They are intended to be used for short-term use. They can be habit-forming therefore they should only be taken under a doctor's supervision. Tricyclic antidepressants (which are older medications, can be effective in treating anxiety. These medications act similar to SSRIs, increasing the levels of serotonin as well as norepinephrine within your body. They are typically started with a small dose, and then gradually increased. Certain medications can cause weight increase as well as dry mouth, sedation and urinary tract issues, as well as arrhythmias. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are the oldest antidepressants that have been proven to be effective at treating anxiety. However they are not as common due to their negative side negative effects, like weight gain and dry mouth. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors can interact negatively with certain foods and medications. They include SSRIs as well as certain birth control pills. They may also be affected by allergy and cold medication, acetaminophen and Ibuprofen. Making the right choices for anxiety can make you feel more relaxed and in control of your life. It is also essential to learn stress management techniques. Important steps include abstaining from unhealthy food and exercise as well as avoiding alcohol and tobacco, and removing news stories or readings that may cause anxiety. Joining an anxiety support group will help you meet people with similar problems and help you learn coping strategies. Tricyclic antidepressants A variety of medications can be used to treat anxiety disorders, including SSRIs, benzodiazepines, and tricyclic antidepressants. Certain medications increase the level of certain brain chemicals such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These medications can be taken on a regular basis or as needed. Some take several weeks before they begin working, but they are able to remove anxiety or make it much more manageable. They will not work when you stop taking the medication. SSRIs can be used to treat anxiety and help to prevent symptoms from recurring. These include citalopram, fluvoxamine, escitalopram and sertraline. SSRIs have no adverse effects and generally are safe. generalized anxiety disorder can be used in conjunction with other treatments for anxiety, such psychotherapy or exercise. Another kind of medication that can be used to treat anxiety is a beta blocker. These medications are typically prescribed for heart conditions but can also be beneficial in treating anxiety and phobias. They help reduce the symptoms of anxiety by reducing heart rate and reducing blood pressure. The most commonly used beta blockers are propranolol and atenolol. People who suffer from panic disorder or a phobia can benefit from sedatives taken in the event of need, such as lorazepam. These drugs can be taken prior to a stressful event and work quickly to calm the symptoms of anxiety. They can become habit-forming, so it is important to only use them as needed. In general the SSRIs and SNRIs can be considered to be the first-line treatment for anxiety. They are safe, well-tolerated, and have a high efficacy in controlled, randomized trials. It is important to consider the idiosyncratic characteristics of the drug and the comorbidities that patients may have. For instance, a person with a history of depression may require more medication than someone without. Monoamineamine Oxygenase (MAOI) is the most effective treatment for anxiety about performance or social. These drugs increase the number of neurotransmitters that regulate mood, and are typically started at low doses and gradually increased. They can be taken on their own or in combination with benzodiazepine. MAOIs may interact with other medications, including SSRIs and certain birth control pills. They may also interact with acetaminophen, ibuprofen and cold and allergy medicine. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors There are a myriad of medications used to treat anxiety disorders. A lot of them are effective for the majority of people. They include benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants. They act as GABA-A antagonists and are useful in the short-term to ease anxiety symptoms. They can also be utilized to decrease muscle spasms, seizures and hypnotic disorders. Benzodiazepines can be addictive and are not recommended for long-term use. Antidepressants can reduce depression and anxiety. These drugs can take as long as six weeks before they begin to work however, they are extremely efficient for the majority of people. Some people can have sexual side effects from these medications, but they are usually manageable. SSRIs and SNRIs, raise levels of norepinephrine and serotonin, two important hormones and neurotransmitters that influence mood. They are usually the first-line treatments for most anxiety disorders. They can be taken regularly to control symptoms or as needed. Antidepressants may cause dry mouth, nausea and weight gain. They can also increase the risk of suicidal ideation and suicide, so it is recommended to limit your use to as long as you need to. Beta-blockers are also an option since they are commonly used for heart conditions. Propranolol or Inderal is usually prescribed to treat social anxiety disorders off-label. This is a good option for relieving physical symptoms of anxiety, such as shaking or high blood pressure. It can also help lower stress hormones, such as norepinephrine and adrenaline, which are produced during a high anxiety state. Anticonvulsants, like gabapentin, tiagabine, and pregabalin, have GABAergic properties. These drugs are FDA approved for neuropathic pain and can also be effective as an antidepressant for some people. Tricyclic antidepressants, also known as TCAs are a different type of medication that boosts the levels of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in the brain. They also inhibit the activity of monoamine oxidese which is responsible for breaking these chemicals down. They can also be used to alleviate symptoms of bipolar disorder and mania. These drugs can cause various adverse reactions, including weight gain, dry mouth and sedation. They can also increase your risk of developing hypotension and urinary hesitancy, as well as retention and arrhythmias.